It is a warning against the sort of iron-handed discipline that eventually breaks the spirit of a child (see Col. 3:21). Unjust demands, unreasonable severity, and unremitting criticism produce bitterness instead of training. That is not to say that Paul is suggesting permissiveness. Rear them, he says, “in the discipline and instruction of the Lord.” Discipline implies training in proper conduct and chastening in times of failure. Instruction involves teaching, whether by praise, warning, censure,